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cramp

词语释义

英 [kræmp] 美 [kræmp]

n. 痉挛，绞痛；[五金] 铁夹钳

vt. 束缚，限制；使…抽筋；以铁箍扣紧

adj. 狭窄的；难解的；受限制的

n. (Cramp)人名；(英)克兰普

单词分析：

记忆方法：1. 对比：clam => clamp; cram => cramp, crimp, crampon.
2. cram, which denoted 'compression' or 'bending'.
3. grape, grapnel => cramp (nasalized version).
4. 区别：cramp, clamp: cramp中间是字母r, 是“肉”的拼音首字母，因此它表示肌肉的夹紧、紧缩而导致的痉挛、抽筋。

英英释义

Noun:

a painful and involuntary muscular contraction

a clamp for holding pieces of wood together while they are glued

a strip of metal with ends bent at right angles; used to hold masonry together

Verb:

secure with a cramp;"cramp the wood"

prevent the progress or free movement of;"He was hampered in his efforts by the bad weather"
"the imperialist nation wanted to strangle the free trade between the two small countries"

affect with or as if with a cramp

suffer from sudden painful contraction of a muscle

单词网dAnCI.583316.CoM

单词词源

中文词源

cramp 抽筋

来自PIE*ger, 转，弯，围，词源同crank, crook. 比喻义肌肉打弯的，抽筋的。

英语词源

cramp (n.1)

"muscle contraction," late 14c., from Old French crampe, from a Frankish or other Germanic word (compare Old High German krapmhe "cramp, spasm," related to kramph "bent, crooked"), from a Proto-Germanic root forming many words for "bent, crooked," including, via French, crampon. Writer's cramp is first attested 1842 as the name of a physical affliction of the hand, in reference to translations of German medical papers (Stromeyer); also known as scrivener's palsy.

cramp (n.2)

"metal bar bent at both ends," early 15c., from Middle Dutch crampe or Middle Low German krampe, both from the same Proto-Germanic root that yielded cramp (n.1). Metaphoric sense of "something that confines or hinders" first recorded 1719.

cramp (v.1)

"to contract" (of muscles), early 15c., from cramp (n.1). Related: Cramped; cramping.

cramp (v.2)

"to bend or twist," early 14c., from cramp (n.2) and Old French crampir. Later "compress forcibly" (1550s), and, figuratively, "to restrict" (1620s). Related: Cramped; cramping.

词态变化

复数 cramps;
第三人称单数 cramps;
过去式 cramped;
过去分词 cramped;
现在分词 cramping;

权威造句

1. Hillsden was complain-ing of cramp in his calf muscles.

希尔斯登说他小腿抽筋。

来自柯林斯例句

2. to get cramp in your leg

腿部抽筋

来自《权威词典》

3. He lost all sensation in his legs through cramp.

他的腿部因抽筋而失去知觉.

来自《简明英汉词典》

4. The swimmer suddenly got cramp.

这个游泳的人突然抽筋.

来自《简明英汉词典》

5. Winston stopped writing, partly because he was suffering from cramp.

温斯顿驻了笔,手指也写麻了.

来自英汉文学

近反义词

cramp iron 铁搭

clonic cramp 阵发性痉挛

cramp ring 扣环

heat cramp 热性痉挛,中暑性痉挛...

cramp bark 荚蒾皮

cramp bar 支承杆,(轧机牌坊的...

muscular cramp 肌痛性痉挛,筋卷...

cramp frame 弓形夹

intermittent cramp [医] 间歇性痉挛...

slate cramp 石板扒钉

rope cramp 钢诵,钢丝绳夹...

muscle cramp 肌痉挛

cramp joint 钳接

writer's cramp [医]指痉挛

Menstrual cramps 经期痉挛

cramp one's style 因受拘束而无法正常发...

相似短语

cramp out 拔出,取出,挖掘

floor cramp 紧板铁马

dactylographers' cramp 【医】打字员痉挛

screw cramp 螺丝夹钳