前缀trans(tran,tran,tres,treas) = across,over, beyond

这个家族的前缀不仅意思多，而且词汇量也非常大，更重要的是这个前缀派生出来的词汇是我们考试经常考到的，下面对这个前缀的意思进行分类整理如下：

词源：prefix meaning "across, beyond, to go beyond," from Latin trans-, from prep. trans "across, over, beyond," probably originally present participle of a verb *trare-, meaning "to cross" (see through).

前缀trans来源于拉丁语，意为“across”，还有“through, over, beyond, change,intensive”等含义。下面重点看一下trans的主要意思“across”。

1．横穿，到那边，穿过，径直
transparent, translucent, transverse

2．十字交叉，分叉

intransigent, transform, traduce

3．使理解，达到期望的状态

transcribe

另外，前缀trans还有以下变形

1．tran [在辅音字母q，s前]

tranquility, transcend

2．tra [在辅音字母d，j．v和元音字母i前]

trajectory, travesty, traitor

3. tres,treas

trespass, treason

1.transform [trans( =change) +form（=form）变换模样]
v. change the shape．appearance．quality or nature of 使变形，改变，变换
transformation n.变形，转变 ; transformer n. 变压器；促使变化的人（物）
transformable adj. 可变形的
ex) Two weeks in the hot sun on a Mexican beach will transform you.
在墨西哥海边炽热的太阳下度过两周，你会有所改变。

2.transgress [trans( =over, across) +gress[=go)越过去]
vt. go beyond a limit or bound; break a law, treaty, or agreement 超过（限制、范围等）：违反（法律、条约、合同等）
transgression 违反，犯罪；（宗教、道德上的）罪 ；transgressor 违庋者；罪人
ex) lt's not my habit to transgress the law, but I do smoke marijuana now and then. 我不是习惯性地违法，不过我确实偶尔会吸大麻。

3.transmit [trans(=over,across) + mit( = send)输送过去]
vt. send; pass on news, information, etc.; permit light, heat, electricity, etc. to pass through; hand down something from parents to children 传递；播送；传送（光、热、电等）,传导；遗传（给子孙）

transmission 传递；传达；传导；发报；遗传；（汽车的）变速器
transmitter 传递者；传达者；传导体；话筒；发报机
ex) Long documents can easily be transmitted over the Internet. 长篇幅的文件可以通过网络轻松传送。

4.transparent [trans( =through, across) +par( =appear)通过某种东西出现、显示到那边]
adj. allowing light to pass through; about which there can be no mistake or doubt 迸明的；清澈的；明白无误的
transparency/transparence 透明（性）；明了；幻灯片
ex) The tran8sparent turquoise waters of the Caribbean are spectacular. 加勒比海清澈的蓝绿色海水非常壮观。

5.trespass [tres<trans( =over, across) +pass( =stride, step) 阔步前进过去]
vi. on+sth go on to privately owned land; infringe on; sin 擅自进入；侵犯，侵害；冒犯；犯罪
n. an encroachment or intrusion;a moral offense 侵入，侵害；打扰，妨碍；过失；罪过 trespasser 侵害者；入侵者
ex) Your cattle keep trespassing onto my land, and l'm tired of it. 你的牛总是跑到我的地里来，我真是烦透了。

词根

1.form (=form)

formulate （明确）系统地表达

conform 遵从；使适应 *con<com( =together)

dotorm 使成畸形；使变形 *de (=away)

2. gress ( =go)

egress 出路 *e<ex(=out)

progressive 前进的；进步的 *pro（=forward）

retrogress 退回：退化 *retro( =backward)

3.mit(=send)

admittance 入场（许可），进入 *ad( =to)

emit 发散 *e<ex( =out) permit 许可 *per( =through)

4.par(=appear)

apparition 幽灵，鬼怪 *ap<ad(=to,near)

apparently 显然地；外观上地 *ap<ad（=to,near）

disappear 消失 *dis(=not),ap<ad(=to,near)

5.pass(=stride,step)

passer-by 过路人

passimeter 自动售票机 pastime 娱乐

6.transition [trans( =over) +it( =go)越过去）
n. a passing from one condition, period, form, stage, activity, place, etc. to another 过渡，过渡期；变化，变迁
ex) The old currency will be used concurrently with the new during a transition period. 在过渡期新旧货币将同时使用。

7.tranquillity [tran<trans( =intensive) +qui( =quiet, rest)完全安静的、平稳的状态]
n. the state of freeing from disturbance or agitation, calmness 平静；平稳；安宁
tranquil 平静的；平稳的；镇定的 tranquilizer 镇静剂，精神安定剂 tranquilize 便平静；使镇定
ex) The tranquility here at Loon Lake is marvelous. 卢恩湖非常平静。

8.transpire [tran<trans( =through) +spir( =breathe) 通过某种东西呼吸或者小声说话]
vi. become public or come to be known 事件、秘密被发现，被知道
vt. give off moisture or pass off vapor 身体、植物散发水分或蒸汽，排出
transpiration 散发，蒸发
ex) After an investigation, it transpired that her own son-in-law had taken the watch. 调查表明，是她的女婿拿了手表。

9. transcend [tran<trans( =over,beyond) +scend( =climb)越过某物上来]
vt. go beyond 超越（人类经验、理性、信仰、描述能力等的范围）；优于
transcendent 出众的，卓越的 transcendental 先验的；超自然的
transcendence/transcendency 卓越；超越
ex)You can transcend your shyness by doing these exercises daily.
休每天做这些练习可以克服羞怯。

10.transcribe [tran<trans( =across) +scrib( =write)写得使人明白、达到期望状态]
vt. copy; make a recording of something for broadcasting 抄写；播送录音（录像）；编曲
transcript（学校的）成绩单；副本，誊本 transcription 抄写；副本，誊本；播送录音（录像）
ex)I record my professor's lectures and transcribe them at home.
我把教授讲的课录下来之后回家再听。

词根

1.it(=go)

ambit 周围，范围，界限 *amb<ambi( =around)

circuit 巡回，迂同；电路 *circ( =around)

iteration 重复，反复

2.qui(=quiet,rest)

acquiesce 默认 *ac<ad( =to)

acquit 赦免，宣告无罪 *ac<ad( =to)

quioscence 静止；沉默

3.spir(=breathe)

expiration 终了，满期，完结 *ex( =out)

inspiration 灵感 *in(=in)

perspiration 汗水；（要出汗的）努力 *per(=through)

4.scend(=climb)

ascendancy 优势；优越 *a<ad( =to)

descendant 子孙；后裔 *de(=down)

descent 下降；血统；袭击；突然来访 *de(=down)

5.scrib(=write)

scribbler 三流作家

subscriber 捐献者；订阅者；订购者 *sub(=under)

巩固练习：词缀trans-在线练习一、trans-在线练习二